The recent eruption of protests in Pakistan-administered Kashmir was a stark reminder of the simmering discontent that has plagued the region for years. Fueled by rising costs of basic necessities and a sense of economic neglect, these demonstrations, though thankfully resolved, exposed deep-seated issues demanding a multifaceted approach.
The story begins with the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC), a coalition representing the ordinary citizens of the region. For over a year, a silent frustration had been brewing. The year 2023 saw a severe wheat shortage, leading to a sharp spike in flour prices. This was followed by a staggering increase in electricity tariffs, squeezing the already strained budgets of Kashmiri households. The JAAC emerged as a voice for the voiceless, presenting a ten-point list of demands to the government, all centered around economic relief. Subsidized flour, electricity at production cost, and improved financial integration with the rest of Pakistan were some of the key requests – fundamental needs in any society.
The government’s initial response, however, fell short of expectations. While they reportedly agreed to nine out of the ten demands in February 2024, the JAAC saw little to no progress on the ground. This perceived inaction fueled public anger, culminating in a general strike in May and a march towards Muzaffarabad, the regional capital. As tensions escalated, clashes erupted between protestors and police in several towns. This descent into violence underscored the critical need for the government to acknowledge the gravity of the situation.
The boiling point arrived tragically when paramilitary forces opened fire on protestors, resulting in the deaths of three young men. This sparked outrage and condemnation from the JAAC, who blamed the authorities for escalating the situation. The government, facing mounting pressure, resorted to a two-pronged approach. On one hand, Prime Minister Sharif announced a significant financial package aimed at lowering flour and electricity prices. This addressed a key demand of the protestors and served as an immediate conciliatory gesture. However, equally important was the renewed focus on dialogue. Negotiations between the government and the JAAC gained momentum, with both sides recognizing the need for a compromise.
The turning point came when the government conceded to a substantial subsidy on wheat and flour. This, coupled with a commitment to address other demands over time, proved acceptable to the JAAC. With these concessions secured, the JAAC called off their protest march and declared the issue resolved. While some tensions remain, particularly regarding the investigation into the protest-related deaths, a fragile sense of normalcy has returned to Pakistan-administered Kashmir.
However, the recent unrest serves as a stark reminder that a long-term solution requires addressing the root causes of discontent. This goes beyond just economic disparity. Kashmiris yearn for a sense of inclusivity and control over their own destiny. The government must foster a society where transparency and accountability are hallmarks of governance. Investing in education, healthcare, and infrastructure development would not only empower the Kashmiri people but also lay the groundwork for a more stable and prosperous future.
Beyond internal factors, the “enemy propaganda” narrative often employed by authorities only obfuscates genuine grievances. Kashmiris, like people everywhere, deserve a decent standard of living and a say in their future. Instead of scapegoating external forces, the government should focus on building trust and fostering a sense of belonging among the Kashmiri population.
The recent protests offered a valuable lesson: ignoring the needs and aspirations of the people is a recipe for unrest. The path forward lies in open dialogue, genuine economic reforms, and a commitment to good governance. While the Kashmir issue remains complex, prioritizing the well-being of the Kashmiri people – both economically and politically – should be the cornerstone of any future policy. The recent resolution, though fragile, offers a glimmer of hope. However, sustained efforts aimed at addressing the underlying issues are crucial for a lasting peace and true prosperity in the region. Only then can the simmering cauldron of Kashmir cool down, allowing for a brighter future for its people.
ABDULLAH LIAQUAT
The writer is a student in the School of Politics and International Relations at Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad.
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